Journal of the College of Education for Women
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal
<p><strong>Journal of the College of Education for Women ( JCEW) </strong> is a double-blind referred scientific quarterly journal established in 1990 by the College of Education for Women-University of Baghdad. From <strong>1990 </strong>till <strong>2004</strong>, the publications were only as hard copies. Since <strong>2005 </strong>and <strong>up-to the present</strong>, the journal has started to publish its issues in two versions: hardcopy and electronic, and so it has now two international standard serial number, P-ISSN: <strong>1680-8738 </strong>and E-ISSN: <strong>2663-547X</strong> , respectively. It has further a deposit number of Books and Documents in Baghdad, no. (<strong>1309</strong>) in 2009. It also has a mailbox, bearing the number (<strong>47116</strong>).</p> <p>The journal welcomes high quality manuscripts investigating some human and social science topics related to the fields that reflect the eight departments of the College of Education for Women. These Fields include:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Arabic Language </strong></li> <li><strong> English Language </strong></li> <li><strong> Quranic Studies </strong></li> <li><strong> Educational and Psychological research </strong></li> <li><strong> Research in Kindergarten </strong></li> <li><strong> Geography </strong></li> <li><strong> History </strong></li> <li><strong> Sociology </strong></li> </ol> <p>Journal of the College of Education is research-oriented. It encourages submissions that incorporate theories and methodologies, and that are interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary reflecting the application of qualitative/quantitative/mixed mode paradigms and research designs. It publishes full-length original articles, papers extracted from thesis and dissertations, and review articles.The journal provides immediate open access to its contents to enhance a greater global exchange of knowledge. Moreover, articles are published with particular <strong>DOI</strong> numbers and are distributed under<a title="cc" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> CC BY</strong></a> license.</p>كلية التربية للبنات/ جامعة بغدادenJournal of the College of Education for Women1680-8738<p><img src="/public/site/images/jcoeduw/CC_BY.png" width="133" height="47"></p> <p>All articles published in <strong>Journal of College of Education for Women </strong> are licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.</p>The Degree to which Teachers of the Second Cycle of Basic Education apply the Dimensions of Educational Security from their Perspective
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1701
<p> Recently, many undesirable behaviors have spread in our daily life in society, whether from the teacher to his students or from the students among themselves as a result of the absence of educational security and the decline in the role of socialization institutions in general and the school in particular in training students on values. Positive social, Thus, the study was descriptive. Theory by adopting information about educational security and the nature of teachers’ practice thereof. The descriptive analytical approach was used and a questionnaire was administered to (48) male and female teachers at this stage. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to identify the degree to which teachers practice the dimensions of educational security, based on the theoretical framework and previous studies prepared in this regard, and accordingly, the curriculum was used, it came in first place with an arithmetic average of (2.26 and after education Dialogue learners ranked second with a arithmetical average of (2.19( while it came after providing a positive, supportive place for learners in the third and final rank with a low arithmetical average of (1.56). There were differences in the average scores of male and female sample members applying the dimensions of educational security in favor of female teachers in the three dimensions where the arithmetic mean for the dimension of using modern technologies is (48.40), for the dimension of educating learners in dialogue (75.35), and for the dimension of providing a positive, supportive place for learners (38.33). Differences were found. In the teachers’ scores on the questionnaire in favor of a diploma. qualification or above in the three dimensions, there were no differences in the teachers’ scores on the questionnaire in favor of 10 years of experience or more in the three dimensions.</p>
ArticlesEducational Security, Basic Education, Second Year TeachersHaifaa Mahmoud AlAshkar
Copyright (c) 2024
2023-12-302023-12-3010812910.36231/coedw.v34i4.1701Salience and Erasure in Environmental Advertisements: An Ecolinguistic Study
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1700
<p>Ecolinguistics is a twofold field in which ecology and language are its two major concerns. That is, this field is concerned with the way through which our thoughts, ideologies and the like influence the environment. The present study aims at analyzing (6) constructive and destructive environmental advertisements to find out how the techniques of erasure and salience operate in these types of advertisements. It studies the linguistic expressions that achieve these techniques in the constructive and destructive advertisements. The qualitative and quantitative methods are exploited in the current study. Analyzing (6) constructive and destructive environmental advertisements in accordance with Stibbe’s (2015) model of salience and erasure accomplishes the qualitative approach whereas accounting the frequencies and percentages of salience and erasure occurrences in constructive and destructive environmental advertisements accomplishes the quantitative approach. The model of the analysis used in the present study is of Stibbe’s (2015) theory of erasure and salience. The main finding shows that the technique of salience is employed more frequently in constructive advertisements than that of erasure, whereas the same techniques are equally used in destructive advertisements. The main conclusion of the present study reads that the technique of salience is appropriate for constructive advertisements since it highlights the important aspects of the environmental advertisements</p>
ArticlesConstructive Language, Destructive Language, Ecolinguistics, Environmental Advertisements, Erasure, SalienceMervat Farooq YounisRufaidah Kamal Abdulmajeed
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2023-12-302023-12-30142910.36231/coedw.v34i4.1700Deception in Amber Heard and Johnny Depp’s Trials
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1699
<p>Deception is defined as a linguistic and non-linguistic behavior that is used in interaction in order to make the addressees believe what is believed to be false or lack evidence. McCornack (1992) classifies deception into four manipulative strategies (i.e., fabrication, distortion, equivocation and concealment), other scholars argue that deception encompasses the strategies of “fabrication (outright lying), equivocation (being vague and ambiguous), or concealment (with holding relevant information) Thus, the present study investigates the deception strategies and motives that are used by Johnny Depp and Amber Heard during their defamation trials. Qualitative and quantitative methods are employed when analyzing the data in question. The first method is achieved via using Buller & Burgoon’s (2004) strategies of deception and Ekman’s (1995) motives of deception, while the second method is achieved via counting frequencies and percentages. It is found that the strategies of fabrication and equivocation are frequently used by Johnny Depp, while the strategies of fabrication and concealment are frequently used by Amber Heard. It is concluded that deception can be achieved via using the strategy of fabrication in order to avoid embarrassment, get rid of an awkward situation and get the admiration of others.</p>
ArticlesConcealment, Deception, Equivocation, Fabrication and Legal LanguageNahla Mahmoud HadiRufaidah Kamal Abdulmajeed
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2023-12-302023-12-3011310.36231/coedw.v34i4.1699The Effect of Barman's Model on acquiring the Concepts of Fiqh of Worship among Students of Departments of Qur'anic Sciences
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1698
<p>The current research seeks to identify the impact of Barman's model on acquisition of the concepts of jurisprudence of worship among students of the departments of Qur'anic sciences. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher relied on the experimental method through a design with partial control by relying on two experimental groups receiving teaching by using the Barman model and a control group receives teaching through the normal method. After applying the experiment, the study reached the following results: Students of the Department of Qur’anic Sciences in general need educational programs linked to the curriculum and built on scientific foundations, according to their needs and problems (psychological, cognitive, and social), as well as their age or academic stage. The program followed in our colleges, according to the results of the research, is one of the methods that cannot be dispensed with and can give good results if it is employed in a modern manner through pre-prepared teaching plans that employ all the diverse teaching capabilities in the educational situation.</p> <p> </p>
ArticlesBarman, Concepts, Acquisition, Students, Qur’anic SciencesNagham Ali Hussein
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2023-12-302023-12-309310710.36231/coedw.v34i4.1698Adaptive Response and its relation to Cognitive Appraisal among Secondary School Students
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1697
<p>The current research's problem includes the impact of cognitive reappraisal and reformulate on self-experience of emotional response and its negative feelings and the activity of cognitive reappraisal in changing response. The aim of this research is to detect the relation between adaptive response and cognitive reappraisal upon students of secondary school, and to find differences in gender and stage. The sample contained male and female student for the year(2022-2023) and consists of (480) students (240) male and (240) female in the karkh education/ 1 To achieve this aims researcher used descriptive method and to measure the two variables researcher built a scale for adaptive response according to theory of compound emotion (Barrett,2015) contains (31) items , and the scale of cognitive reappraisal according to the theory of (Lazarus,1991) contains (30) items credit to scientific steps for building psychometric properties , validity , virtual validity by presenting them to a number of experts,and the constructive validity in the light of relation between item and total grade. Reliability was lasted by Vaccronbach coefficient. After treating data by (SPSS), researcher found that students have adaptive response and cognitive reappraisal,and there is assign efficient relation between adaptive response and cognitive reappraisal, and there are significant difference in cognitive appraisal according to grade in favor of the fifth grade at (0.05). Researcher recommends the importance of adaptive response and reappraisal for their relation with (IQ), school performance, social skills, adaptive behavior, and make a comparison studies to detect adaptive response and cognitive reappraisal upon other school students and college students that help to adapt with academic atmosphere, coping with problems, and reduce stress.</p>
ArticlesAdaptive Response, Cognitive Reappraisal, Secondary StageMazin Mohammed Salih
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2023-12-302023-12-30619210.36231/coedw.v34i4.1697Civilizational Manifestations in the City of Astrabath in the Sixth Century AH
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1696
<p>The current study is concerned with presenting a descriptive study of the history of the city of Astrabath in the sixth century AH. The problem that the research tried to answer is represented in the investigation of historical news, and the study of the most prominent cultural aspects which characterizing that city. The research also aims to reach the geographical location of that city, its name and its suburbs. The importance of the research lies in the knowledge of everything related to the role of the civilization of Astrabath, as well as tracing the entry of the Arabs to it, so that it became a cultural, economic and scientific center and its historical role in the sixth century AH. The research reminde us with the scientific role of the city of Astarbath in the fields of Qur’anic sciences and to the sciences of hadith, jurisprudence, the other sciences such as history, dialectics, medicine, prose, rhetoric, and systems. The study came out with several conclusions, the most important of which is that the city of Astrapaz was a military theater for political conflict, in addition to its great cultural role in all the popular sciences at the time, and it was a destination for scholars and jurists due to the popularity of its scientific and literary status.</p>
ArticlesHistory, Sixth Century AH, Civilization Manifestations, City of AstrabathShaymaa Mohammed Hamza
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2023-12-302023-12-30406010.36231/coedw.v34i4.1696The Middle East and Contemporary Geostrategic Shifts: A Geopolitical Study
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1695
<p>This research focuses on the contemporary geostrategic transformations that afflicted the countries of the Middle East, with a focus on the countries of the Arab East, after the collapse of the system of international relations, and the emergence of the unipolar system led by the United States of America. After the events of September 11 and the events that followed, especially the occupation of Iraq in 2003, the study area witnessed a group of geopolitical variables and the emergence of dangerous phenomena that threatened the state structure in the countries of the Middle East; the most notably are the phenomenon of terrorism, cross-border armed groups, sectarian polarization, the phenomenon of migration and the internal and the external displacement and the serious consequences that resulted from it, such as demographic change and the emergence of a failed state, which has become a threat to national and regional security in the region.One of the results of this security vacuum was the rise of active regional powers on the scene to fill the geopolitical vacuum, the change in the equation of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the emergence of plans aimed at redrawing the political map of the countries of the region based on ethnic and sectarian division.</p>
ArticlesThe Middle East, Geostrategic, GeopoliticsMuhaymin AbdulHalim Al-Wadi
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2023-12-302023-12-30143910.36231/coedw.v34i4.1695Shyness in Female College Students And its relation to some Variables
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1694
<p>The human being is a social being and human communication is a fundamental axis in the process of social interaction, and the characteristic of social shyness grows through the interaction of the individual with his environment. Identifying the level of shyness among university students, and identifying the differences in shyness among university students according to specialization (scientific, humanities). In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared a measure of shyness based on Zimbardo's theory, and the components that he identified are the (behavioral, cognitive, and emotional components). The validity and reliability were calculated using the Cronbach's alpha method, reaching (0.94), and the scale in its final form consisted of (38) items valid for measuring shyness. The researcher applied the scale to a research sample of (160) female students from two majors (scientific, humanities). The researcher reached some conclusions, the most important of which are: The individuals in the research sample do not have high shyness, and there is no statistically significant difference in shyness between female students in scientific and humanities colleges.</p>
ArticlesShyness, Female Student, UniversityAthmar Shakir Majeed AlShatri
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2023-12-302023-12-3011310.36231/coedw.v34i4.1694 Al-Kassaie's Position on Quranic Readings in his Book "Meanings in the Quran"
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1692
<p>Thanks for All Mighty Allah creator of worlds and creating All Human Beings the Greatest Creator, and All Blessings for the Latest Messenger Mohammed and all his Good family. Holly Quran is considered the very purified phrases and the very corrective words at all, within its readings representing the real aspect of Arabic Grammar by which a reflex to be depended to be the basic of holding the complete and the full of Arab Language. In this context, I studied the point of view of Al Kassaie in writing the meanings of Holly Quran, that Book which was lost and had rewritten by Dr. Essa Shuhata. DR. Mahmood Fahmi Al Hujazi in his introduction for this Book after its scripts were deleted, that work represented a work that discovered a lost thing, it presented a book has description related to ancient time. The current research has an introduction addressed by the attitude of ancient towards Holly Quran readings additionally to three main chapters , the first chapter includes methods of AL KASAIE in Holly Quran readings , but the second chapter includes addresses by the attitude of AL KASAIE towards Holly Quran readings, but the third chapter includes and addressed by Samples of criticizing of AL KASAIE in correct Quran readings . After that I ended my research with several conclusions I mentioned to at the last of my own research.</p>
ArticlesAl-Kassaie' sQuranic ReadingsBalsam Abbas Hamoody MAMOOEINubras Husain Muhauish MAMOOEI
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2023-11-022023-11-0213214010.36231/gf1jyn36A Pragmatic Study of Narcissism in the American Movie Big Eyes (2014)
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1683
<p>Narcissism is a complicated phenomenon that can be reflected in the narcissist’s language. Investigating narcissism in terms of linguistics, and pragmatics in particular, does not seem to have been given its due attention, as this study reveals. Thus, this study is an endeavor to discover how narcissism is reflected in the American movie <em>Big Eyes</em> (2014). It is known for introducing narcissistic behaviors. This paper aims to identify the types, motivations, and pragmatic manifestations of narcissism in the selected movie. Three pragmatic theories are chosen to scrutinize narcissism in the data: Searle’s speech acts (1969), Grice’s maxims breaching (1975), and Culppeper’s impoliteness (1996). To cope with the nature of the data and the aims of the study, an analytical framework that embraces three layers has been designed. These are the types, motivations, and pragmatic strategies of narcissism. Upon analyzing the data, the study concludes that exhibitionist narcissism abounds in the movie. In terms of motivations, environmental influence is the main factor behind narcissism in the data. Representative, directive and expressive speech acts appear in the data. The maxims have been breached to result in the use of metaphor and hyperbole. Four impoliteness strategies (positive, negative, bold on record, and mock impoliteness) are used to show narcissism in the data.</p>
ArticlesImpoliteness, Gricean maxims, narcissism motivations, narcissism types, speech actsMaysaa Mohammed HadiWafaa Sahib Mehdi
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2023-09-302023-09-30204110.36231/coedw.v34i3.1683Topic Management in Selected Dementia Patients' Speeches: A Clinical Discourse Analysis Study
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1682
<p>Topic management is the awareness of how speakers deal with initiating, developing, changing, and ending a topic and how they fix the relationship when a misunderstanding occurs. It is such an important unit of conversation as it includes the transition from one strategy to the other to be accomplished in a systematic and orderly manner. These strategies are impaired in dementia patients thus lead to communication breakdown. This study aims at detecting the dementia patients' topic management strategies in selected speeches and answering the questions of which of these strategies are fully or partially detected in these speeches. The researchers use a qualitative method to examine the speeches of those patients and they adopt an eclectic model including the four strategies of topic management; they are: initiating of (Button & Casey, 1985), developing of (Leo & Thomas, 1998), changing of (Greatbach, 1986), and ending the topic of (Heydon, 2005). According to the findings of the study, patients with dementia are capable of developing conversational topics, but they are unable to initiate, change, or end the topics.</p>
ArticlesTopic Management, Dementia, Language Impairment, Clinical Studies, Clinical Linguistics.Maha Salim JasimRufaidah Kamal Abdulmajeed
Copyright (c) 2023
2023-09-302023-09-3011910.36231/coedw.v34i3.1682The Problem of Paradox and its Manifestations: A Study in the Titles of Najm Wali's Novels
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1681
<p>The irony pushes us to inquire about what is in the text of contradiction, irony, suspense, and other acts of paradox, as well as a departure from what is logical, or familiar, that attracts the attention of the addressee, and this is what drives us to introspect the text and interrogate it in order to get to know the intended product of the text or its real or metaphorical intent. On the other hand, the irony is more in the literary text than in the scientific texts. Therefore, critics add the word literature to it in their definition<strong>.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong>As it is represented by the paradox, we will seek to study the paradox of the title and the problematic that it may pose as the beginning of the text, and it expresses to us what is in the title of semantic overlap and existential contradiction or implicit (non-declared) with the main text or even a reference to it. From this point of view, we note that Najm Wali, as one of the most prominent Iraqi novelists who seeks to present a different and heterogeneous literature and benefits from the feature _Grebe_, especially the paradox, used titles for his novels that bear the characteristic of his paradoxes in most of them. In this study, we aim to analyze what is in these titles of irony in all its forms, based on the descriptive analytical approach<strong>.</strong> Through the following two axes:</p> <p>A: The theoretical dimension: This is an affirmation of what is related to the literary paradox, the paradox of the title, and the star of Wali in terms of definition, definition, and analysis.</p> <p>B: The logical dimension: This is concerned with applying literary irony to Najm Wali’s titles, such as: “The Hill of Lahm,” “The War in the Tarab Neighborhood,” “The Picture of Joseph,” and “A Place Called Kumait.”</p> <p> One of the results obtained by this study is that Najm Wali used the technique of title paradox, as a desire to draw the attention of the recipient to what is going on in his Iraqi society from the bitter reality, and on the other hand, he tried to reconcile the title and the cover, and to employ irony in all its forms with the main text for the same goal as well<strong>.</strong></p>
ArticlesThe Problem of Irony, the Irony of the Title, Najm Wali's Novel Titles.Zainab Raad Ahmad Al-HamdaniHussein Mirzaei Nia
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2023-09-302023-09-3013114810.36231/coedw.v34i3.1681Applying Decisions’ Theory to choose an Alternative Factor for Spatial Development in Holy Karbala Governorate
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1679
<p>It is very well known in the planning publications that when creating spacing development to a region or sub-region, it can be able to make more than an alternative consisting with the strategic directions overtaken from the actual development of region and the situational and developmental objectives needed. However, the difficulty facing the situational planning is in selecting one of these alternatives to be the best in order to make a balanced situational re-structure, and achieving the economic, social and civil objectives. The developmental situation elements in the regions and governorates, including (Karbala) impose themselves as situational power which implies the process of re-structural arrangement where the situational development is considered the active method for such arrangement. Thus, the difficulty of making decision in selecting any of the developmental alternatives seems easier for the situational planner as he has the programming methods and operations researches. The scientific method is used for making decision to suggest the developmental alternative which can achieve the strategic comprehension of the development elements and ensures the exploitation better to achieve the decree objectives. The method of decisions making theory is considered one scientific method which can be used in this regard. They mechanism of the decisions theory implies making more than one alternative to arrange the strategies and objectives in a matrix through which can make more than a case of making decision towards selecting the suitable situational strategy to achieve the objectives under the case of making decision brunt determined by the interdependent aspect in making decision. This necessitates knowledge of the developmental reality of the studied region or province. Therefore, the applied study of the developmental reality in the Karbala (region) province showed that there are two strategies that can be adopted to bring about spatial development in that province: the balanced growth strategy in the first, rational aspect drawn for sectors for development and the decision to maximize returns, and in the second aspect (cumulative) and the third (participatory), as well as the application proved the possibility of adopting the strategy of manufacturing and manufacturing for export in order to achieve a special type of goals at the lowest costs, whether in the case of certainty or risk, and this leaves the room clear for the decision maker to adopt any of the two strategies.</p>
ArticlesDevelopment, Regional Development, Spatial Development, Strategy, Decision.Zahraa Mohammed JasimMohammed Jasim Sha’ban
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2023-09-302023-09-3010213010.36231/coedw.v34i3.1679Alternative Sanctions and their Impact on Societal Security: A Field Study in the Directorate of Juveniles Reformatory in Baghdad
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1678
<p>Crime is one of the most severe challenges facing States, and strives to find preventive measures, reduce its seriousness, and prevent them; due to developments, crimes have increased, and emerging new patterns of crimes, there is an urgent need to prevent crimes and reduce their effects. Modernizing its punitive system and diverting it to correctional rehabilitative justice to redress the prejudice caused by the crime and rehabilitate the convicted person by using alternative measures to short-term imprisonment. This research emphasizes alternative sanctions' value to minimizing short-term imprisonment penalties and their impact on societal security through several goals like, the negative consequences, justifications, and alternatives applied in Iraq, to identify their impact on societal security. The research was based on the analytical descriptive curriculum and the sample-style social survey. It was based on an intentional sample of (250) Research staff of the Directorate of Juvenile Reformatory in Baghdad to measure the role of alternative sanctions in the correctional aspect, statistically processed through the program (SPSS), one of our most important findings is that (92.33%) of researchers supported that alternative sanctions has a role to reduce overcrowding in correctional schools, and supported (91%) of researchers that they are prohibited from mixing with depositors, and that (90%) of researchers who supported that the application of the penalties would reduce the problems associated with the sentence of imprisonment, i.e., the researchers emphasized the importance of alternative sanctions to minimize the effects of the short-term imprisonment on the convicted person, his family, and his community.</p>
Articlesalternative sanctions, impact, short-term imprisonment, societal securityShaymaa Ibrahim MahmZainab Mohammed Salih
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2023-09-302023-09-306910110.36231/coedw.v34i3.1678Challenges of Spreading the Culture of Peace in Iraq from the point of view of Leaders and Intellectuals Elites
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1677
<p>The research problem lies in identifying the challenges facing spreading the culture of peace in Iraq, and the most important factors of its instability from the point of view of leaders and intellectual elites.The research derives its importance from the fact that the peace imposed by justice leads to a stable Iraq and a prosperous future.</p> <p>The study aims to identify the most prominent challenges and obstacles created by wars and faced the process of spreading the culture of peace and instability in Iraq, and to shed light on the reasons leading to the employment of the capabilities of community leaders in spreading the culture of peace.The objective of the current research is to identify the challenges of spreading the culture of peace in Iraq, the point of view of the leaders and intellectual elites, the statement of the conceptual framework for the culture of peace, the factors facing the culture of peace, the study was presented.</p>
Articles(Culture of Peace, Leadership, Leader, Thinking, Elites).Afrah Khalifa WaheedMuna Hayder AbdulJabbar
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2023-09-302023-09-30486810.36231/coedw.v34i3.1677The Degree of Availability of Design Thinking Indicators in the content of Arabic Language Curricula at the secondary stage in Syrian Arab Republic
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1676
<p>The study aimed to identify the degree of availability of design Thinking Indicators in The content of the Arabic Language Curricula at the secondary stage in the Syrian Arab Republic; to achieve the goal of the study. The researcher used the Descriptive Approach based on the analysis method according to the Cognitive Theory. The study tools consist of a list of Design Thinking Indicators and a Content Analysis Tool. The researcher completed the Validity and Reliability procedures for the tools. After applying them, the results of the study resulted in the following: Greater Interest than other sub-skills. The results also showed a Divergence of care for the sub-skills and the Difference in their recurrence rate, and the Omission of some sub-skills that did not have any opportunity to be trained on, sub-indicators of Design Thinking.</p>
ArticlesIndicators of Design Thinking, Content of Arabic Language CurriculaAhmed Al-Haj HassanMohamed Ismail
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2023-09-302023-09-30204710.36231/coedw.v34i3.1676The Prophetic Speeches (Hadith) on Sciences and Scientists: Application of the "Text from Text and D+" Theory
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1675
<p style="text-align: justify;">This study aims to apply the theory of "Text from Text and the Plus Dimension" in the analysis of the Prophetic discourse found in the section on the virtues of knowledge and scholars from Imam Sahih al-Bukhari's book. This section covers several topics, including the virtue of gathering for the sake of learning, the superiority of a scholar over a worshipper, the excellence of jurisprudence in the religion of Allah, the acquisition of knowledge through the passing away of scholars, the merit of inviting people to Allah, the continuing benefit of beneficial knowledge after a scholar's demise, the warning against seeking knowledge for purposes other than Allah, and the Prophet seeking refuge from knowledge that brings no benefit. This is an applied analytical study that aims to elucidate the scientific miraculousness in the Prophetic hadiths and explain the meanings of the Prophetic sayings in harmony with scholars and the majority. It also seeks to derive moral lessons from the hadiths and reveal meanings that might be ambiguous or hidden using the "Text from Text and the Plus Dimension" theory in the analysis of the Prophetic discourse. The study arranges the sentences of the hadiths in the section on the virtues of knowledge and scholars from Sahih al-Bukhari's book and examines their meaning and rhetorical composition. It links them with mathematical geometric relationships such as rotation, expansion through magnification and contraction, withdrawal (beginning with the beginning), and reflection (beginning with the end). The study adopts an analytical and explanatory methodology to achieve its objectives, and the corpus of the study consists of Prophetic hadiths from the section on the virtues of knowledge and scholars from Sahih al-Bukhari's book, along with all its topics. This research builds upon two previous studies where the theory was applied to analyze the Prophetic discourse: "Inviting to Contemplate the Prophetic Discourse: Text from Text and the Extra Dimension in the Analysis of the Prophetic Discourse" (Al-Rawajfeh, 2020) and "The Theory of Text from Text and the Extra Dimension in the Analysis and Miraculousness of the Prophetic Discourse: An Application to the Book of Faith from Sahih al-Bukhari" (Al-Rawajfeh and Al-Jubbah, 2023)</p>
ArticlesDiscourse analysis, Prophetic Hadith, Symmetry line, Text-from-text and D Theory.Aiman Eid Al-RawajfehBasem JawabrehManal Ahmad
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2023-09-302023-09-3011910.36231/coedw.v34i3.1675Bestiality and the Deconstruction of Family Cohesion in Edward Albee's The Goat or, Who Is Sylvia?
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1668
<p>Edward Albee (1928-2016) is an American dramatist who is notorious for his controversial works. Albee's plays generate a crisis of a restraint situation and a point of no return where characters trespass the limits and get caught up in a tragic cycle. <em>The Goat or Who is Sylvia?</em> )2000) is one of his controversial pieces, addressing (human-animal relations). This theatrical masterpiece unleashes man's wildest desires and ravaging behavior. Bestiality is a criminal offense placed in the domain of mental disorders attributed to the lack of emotional support, anxiety, depression, and psychological problems. It is also a serious moral infraction of communities' socio-religious traditions. In this play, Martin’s bestiality leads to the collapse of his marriage and the slaughter of his goat. Thus, this paper intends to address bestiality in the light of queer theory. Furthermore, this study aims to comprehend the intricacies of human behaviour, the relationship between humans and animals, and its social and psychological effects on family members.</p> <p> </p>
ArticlesBestiality, human-animal relationship, queer theory, mental disorders.Ienas Talib Naseef
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2023-06-302023-06-30284810.36231/coedw.v34i2.1668Investigating The Ideology of Bullying in Hunt’s Fish in a Tree: A Critical Stylistic Approach
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1667
<p> Language always conveys ideologies that represent an essential aspect of the world we live in. The beliefs and opinions of an individual or community can be organized, interacted with, and negotiated via the use of language. Recent researches have paid attention to bullying as a social issue. They have focused on the psychological aspect of bullying rather than the linguistic one. To bridge this gap, the current study is intended to investigate the ideology of bullying from a critical stylistic perspective. The researchers adopt Jeffries' (2010) critical stylistics model to analyze the data which is five extracts taken from Hunt’s <em>Fish in a Tree</em> (2015). The analysis demonstrates that the critical stylistic tools contribute significantly to the linguistic formulation of the concept of bullying and account for a significant amount of the meaning of the text under consideration. The study concludes that the ideology of bullying is represented through using most of the stylistic tools but with different bullying acts.</p>
ArticlesCritical stylistics, Bullying, Ideology, School discourse, Fish in a TreeIsraa Ezzet HameedFatimah Khudhair Hassoon
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2023-06-302023-06-30142710.36231/coedw.v34i2.1667The Construction of the Iraqi Child in the UNICEF Reports during Covid19 Pandemic: A Critical Discourse Analysis
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1666
<p>The present paper aims at investigating the linguistic image portrayed by UNICEF reports on the Iraqi child from a critical discourse analysis perspective during Covid19 pandemic (2020). The paper attempts to fill a gap in research literature concerning the linguistic construction of the Iraqi child by the UNICEF reports during the critical health crisis of Covid19. Van Leeuwen’s (2008) approach of social actor representation has been adopted for this purpose. From Van Leeuwen’s approach, the category of determination (single determination and overdetermination) has been selected to be the main analytical tool for its high compatibility with the set of objectives put forward to figure out how such a globally effective and easily accessible discourse constructs the Iraqi child. The research is qualitative in nature and the findings are supported by some figures and percentages. The paper has come up with a number of conclusions that spot an interesting situation. First, The USRs do not imprison the IC within a limited vision that usually accompanies the linguistic reliance towards single determination. Second, the USRs have assigned the IC a number of social roles that are compatible with the IC him/herself. This leads to the third conclusion which states that the USRs put the IC in wider perspectives that come within the domains of reality which is bound to the surrounding physical environment. Fourth, although the social roles assigned to the IC vary in the attitude they embed towards the IC, the neutral roles have outperformed the positive and negative ones. </p>
Articlescritical discourse analysis, determination, Iraqi child, social actor, UNICEFHuda H. KhalilShurooq Abboodi Ali
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2023-06-302023-06-3011310.36231/coedw.v34i2.1666Knowledge purification of Kindergarten Children
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1665
<p>The research is concerned with the problems of knowledge purification of kindergarten children by verifying its aims, identifying of knowledge purification among the first level of kindergarten children and the second level of kindergarten children, and the differences between the males and females in the variable of knowledge purification. The research community included the children in the state and private kindergartens in Baghdad governorate, on its two sides, Karkh and Rusafa, for the six districts for the academic year 2022-2023. After making the knowledge purification test according to the scientific steps of test constructions, the test has been presented to a group of experts specialized in the field of kindergarten to ascertain the validity of the test items and to calculate the discrimination, the items difficulty, and the test stability according to Kuder Richardson. The final form of the knowledge purification test consists of 13 items of two alternatives Yes, No with scores 1-0 that the highest score for the test is 13 and the lowest score is zero with a hypothetical medium of 6.5. Fnally, the test was applied to a sample of 400 children from state and private kindergartens who were selected randomly. The results were that the children have a good degree of knowledge purification, there is no differences between the first level of kindergarten children and the second level of kindergarten children and no differences between males and females in the knowledge purification variable. Then the two researchers put forwards a number of recommendations and suggestions:</p> <p>1.The Iraqi Ministry of Education should be interested in adopting the useful scientific experiences for the child in the kindergartens, so that the knowledge purification is selected in a best possible way.</p> <ol start="2"> <li>There should be a relationship between the knowledge purification and the academic achievement of the kindergarten child parents.</li> </ol>
ArticlesKnowledge purification, Kindergarten children, KnowledgeManar Muntasser ShaalaanAltaf Yaseen Khithr
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2023-06-302023-06-30627510.36231/coedw.v34i2.1665Developing Tenth Grade Female Students' Attitudes in Critical Reading Skills Using the Reflective Thinking Method in the Sultanate of Oman
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1664
<p> This study aimed to developing the skills of critical reading for the tenth basic school female students through a training program using the reflective thinking method. The study sample consisted of (64) students. To achieve the objective of the study, the researcher uses the quasi-experiment approach consisting of a control group (32 students) and an experimental group (32 students). The researcher used three research inventories as follows: 1) A list of critical reading skills included (30) skills within three aspects (Recognition – Deduction – Evaluation and Judgment). 2) An executive program using reflective thinking for developing critical reading skills. 3) Achievement test to measure critical reading skills. The study reached the following conclusions: 1) A list of critical reading skills required for students hereof included (30) skills within three aspects. 2) Remarkable growth of the student's critical reading skills according to the effect size results after using the proposed program using the reflective thinking method. 3) There are no significant differences between the average scores of both groups in the post and prior tests attributed to the way of teaching. The study provided various recommendations to develop the field of education.</p>
ArticlesAttitudes, Critical Reading, Program, Reflective Thinking Method.Nawal Saif Mohammed Al-Balushi
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2023-06-302023-06-30486110.36231/coedw.v34i2.1664The Degree of Using Augmented Reality Technology among students of the Optimum Invesment Project fot Teaching Personnel Program and the difficulties they face at Al-Shaqra University
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1663
<p>Augmented reality technology is a modern technique used in all fields, including: medicine, engineering and education, and has received attention from officials in the educational process at present; The focus of this research is on the degree of use of augmented reality among field experience students in the project's optimal investment program for teaching staff and their difficulties, applied to a sample of 75 students, through a questionnaire prepared by the researcher as a tool to determine the degree of use, as well as difficulties. The researcher addressed the subject through two main axes to determine the degree of use, as well as the difficulties preventing teachers and learners from using this technique. The results of the research showed: That knowledge of augmented reality technology and skills to deal with this technique were low among sample members, despite the fact that males were higher than females, owing to the lack of female sample members.The researcher used the descriptive (survey) method.Also, The results indicated that there was a desire to obtain training courses by females to learn about this technique as well as to possess skills in the future; The indicators of the use of this technique were high on the dimensions of interaction, motivation, linking information and adding new expertise, and there were a number of obstacles to its use, most notably material, technical, teacher and learner aspects, as well as the educational environment. Through the findings, the researcher recommended a number of recommendations and proposals.</p>
ArticlesUse, Field, Experience, Augmented Reality Technology, Optimal Investment.Saud bin Saad Faiz Al-Akloby
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2023-06-302023-06-30304710.36231/coedw.v34i2.1663The Semiotics of the Thresholds in (Sunset Garden) Diwan of the Poet Ghazi Al-Qasaibi
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1662
<p>This study is concerned with revealing the semiotics of thresholds, and its role in building textual coherence at the form and semantic level in Sunset Garden Diwan of the Saudi poet Ghazi Al-Qasaibi. This research aims to spotlight on the semiotic theme of the title threshold and its relation to other thresholds. As the death phenomenon and absence dominated the poetic achievement space through intertwined semiotic relationships that lead to each other through the parallel text semiotics.This study is based on the semiotic method which concerns with searching for the interpretive connotations and revealing the profound symbols in the threshold structure and its role in the whole formation of the Diwan. Among the most prominent conclusions for this study is that; AlQasaibi was concerned with the thresholds poetics in his book Sunset Garden and he was able to transfer the meaning of thresholds from the margin to the centre when he revealed the significance of the symbols and connotations of the thresholds in the Diwan, which contributed to the space and coherence of the text.It also balanced between the centrality of receiving. Moreover, the poetic thresholds and their semiotic symbols contributed to the manifestation of the Diwan purposes and its contents, forming a unified texture starting with the front cover and ending with the back cover of the Diwan. The semiotic analysis of the poetic threshold in Sunset Garden Diwan showedAlQasaibi special vision of death and absence merged with nostalgia, eulogy and reconciliation with the concept and reality of death. The title also represents the first thresholds of the text that cannot be crossed.That is because it has the codes and symbols that help the reader and recipient to introspect the entire work.</p>
ArticlesSemiotics, threshold, AlQasaibi, poem, death.Samia Abdullah Mohammed Al-Amri
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2023-06-302023-06-30152910.36231/coedw.v34i2.1662The Request Construction in the Diwan of (Al-Shamakh bin Dirar Al-Dhubyani) A Rhetorical Study
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1661
<p>This study examined the imperative construction: the command, the interrogative, the prohibition, the call, and the wish. In the Diwan of Al-Shamakh bin Dirar; where the poetic verses were monitored in each of the topics of the student's creation, and the rhetorical meanings that he came out with. What is new in this study is that it is the first to study the demanded composition in the poetry of a glorious poet, Al-Shammakh bin Dirar Al-Dhubyani. As his poetry did not receive such a study, it sought to employ what was written by rhetoric scholars, in an attempt to explore the demanded composition in the poetry of Al-Shamakh. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, which is based on counting the number of times the poet used each of the methods of requesting composition, and analyzing the rhetorical contexts in which these methods were mentioned. The study included an introduction, a preface, and three topics. In the introduction, I dealt with the life of the poet, his poetry, his status, and the definition of composition and its types. As for the detectives; In it, I dealt with the request composition in the poet's diwan, and the rhetorical meanings that came out to it.</p>
ArticlesRhetorical Purposes, Request Construction, Al-Shamakh, Original MeaningsAmer Samar Mefleh Qa'boub Al-Rashi
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2023-06-302023-06-3011410.36231/coedw.v34i2.1661A Cognitive Linguistic Study of the Present Simple: An Experimental Study in the University of Baghdad
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1653
<p>Some research reports that cognitive grammar (CG) theory has good contributions to teaching English as a foreign language. In this research, the researchers seek to apply this theory and its principles when teaching the simple present tense to Iraqi students who face difficulties in differentiating between the multiple usages of this tense. To achieve this objective, the researchers have conducted an experimental study on a group of 60 Iraqi students in the University of Baghdad, College of Education for Women. Langacker’s (2003) theory has been adopted in the analysis of the cognitive relations to understand the common and different connections of these usages of the simple present. The study has concluded that the cognitive grammar theory contributed to improving the participants' capacity in comprehending, using the present simple, and in correcting the grammatical errors that they used to commit. Moreover, the theory helped the participants to differentiate between the simple differences of English tenses when they overlap.</p>
Articlescognitive linguistics, cognitive grammar, Iraqi students, present simpleRaghad Fahmi AajamiDaniah Mohammed RahmahNoor Ahmed Khedr
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2023-03-292023-03-29458510.36231/coedw.v34i1.1653Blindness and the Critique of Society: Dystopia in “Blindness” by José Saramago""
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1652
<p>This paper addresses the new coloring in the concept of dystopian society as represented by the positive role of one of the characters vs. the passive role of the government and its mutual effect on the people of the society. In addition, it describes how all men in the dystopian society victimize and degrade the other through unlawful acts, like: stealing, rape, and fear, which are the lowest points in a moral decay. However, it offers hope by illustrating a positive sense, as exemplified by the doctor's wife out of Saramago's optimistic view that men may be descended from good women. Accordingly, the paper aims to examine the effect of the government’s role in the lives of the people who have later turned into blind in a dystopian society and of people towards one other, and to clarify the positive sense as represented by the doctor’s wife. To meet this, the researcher is to adopt Tom Moylan’s (2000) concept of Dystopia when analyzing José Saramago’s novel, <em>Blindness</em>. This study has uncovered the erosion of trust in others and clarified the heinous injustices committed by both authority figures and laypeople. The troops' cruel treatment toward the blind has led to their sudden infection with that disease. Saramago expressed his upbeat belief that men can change just, they derived from good women as the doctor's wife. The study further has exposed the impact of the violent behavior of both the government and the people towards one another on the confusion and degradation of the humanity.</p>
ArticlesBlindness, brutality, deterioration of humanity, dystopianHanan Abbas Hussein
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2023-03-292023-03-29334410.36231/coedw.v34i1.1652A Cognitive Linguistic Study of Visual Language as a Reflection of Culture: Violence Against Women in Iraq
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1651
<p>The present work is qualitative descriptive. It aims to examine the idiosyncratic schema when deciphering the selected violence-based panel from Nasser Ibrahim’s caricatures. The researchers accordingly adopted part of Sharifian’s (2011) Cultural Schema model, particularly that part that is concerned with the examining the micro/idiosyncratic level of understanding. The study has revealed that the participants have not only differed among themselves regarding the way a figure is being denotatively conceptualized, they also highlighted different exact conceptualizations for the same figure, such as: using various adjectives that reflect various levels of intensity, emphasizing the behavioral aspect or the appearance of the figure, adopting different patterns of thinking like: metaphoric, metronomic, generic, specific, comprehensive or linear. Besides, based on their various points of attention and cognitive schema, they varied in conceptualizing the type of violence being depicted in this image as: psychological, verbal, physical, domestic violence or as the combination of more than one type. Finally, knowing about cultural schema does not involve to exemplify them in one’s behavior. </p>
Articlescaricature, cultural schema, religious schema, violence, womenLamyaa Othman HussienRana H. Al-Bahrani
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2023-03-292023-03-29103210.36231/coedw.v34i1.1651Language Ecology or Ecolinguistics: Conceptual and Theoretical Discussions
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1650
<p>Language ecology is the interactions between the environment and language. Such a discipline, ‘language ecology’ or ‘ecolinguistics has been founded by Einar Haugen’. Accordingly, the study aims at qualitatively reviewing the theoretical and conceptual issues surrounding the subject of language ecology by tracing the roots of language ecology. It further highlights the fundamental inconsistencies between how the concept of ecology is perceived in sociology and biology, and is applied to language, particularly, transposing the main central concepts of bio-ecology, such as relationship/interaction, environment, and organism to human language and theory of ecological-linguistic. The theory wavers among placing the focus on the organism, interrelation and the interaction. It mainly considers language ecology as a metaphor, but infrequently treats language ecology as a science field. Since the theory does not clearly delimit its object, its relationships with the neighboring scientific fields have been undecided. Moreover, the grand scope of the theories includes severe challenges in the empirical research that are limited to available resources and time. The principle, holistic, dynamic and multi-faceted perception of ecolinguistics forms a valuable correction to linguistic approaches, focusing only on language as a synchronically, static, and autonomous, quasi-invariable system. environment, and organism to human language and theory of ecological-linguistic. The theory wavers among placing the focus on the organism, interrelation and the interaction. It mainly considers language ecology as a metaphor, but infrequently treats language ecology as a science field. Since the theory does not clearly delimit its object, its relationships with the neighboring scientific fields have been undecided. Moreover, the grand scope of the theories includes severe challenges in the empirical research that are limited to available resources and time. The principle, holistic, dynamic and multi-faceted perception of ecolinguistics forms a valuable correction to linguistic approaches, focusing only on language as a synchronically, static, and autonomous, quasi-invariable system.</p>
Articlesecolinguistics, Einar Haugen, English language, environment, language ecology, linguisticsNareeman Jabbar Rasheed
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2023-03-292023-03-291910.36231/coedw.v34i1.1650The Omani Sultanate of Zanzibar between Unity and Separation for the Period between (1223-1275 AH/ 1806-1861 A)
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1649
<p> Sultan Said bin Sultan bin Ahmed bin Said Al-Busaidi (1223-1273 AH / 1806-1856 AD) was able to rule Oman and Zanzibar in a unified Arab-African state during his reign. However, it was separated for several reasons. Thus, the study aims to clarify the efforts made by Sultan Said for annexing Zanzibar to Oman, establishing the Arab-African Sultanate, and shedding light on the role played by Britain in dividing the Arab-African Sultanate and separating Zanzibar from the Omani rule in (1275 AH-1861 AD). The study has adopted the historical descriptive analytical approach. The study has reached several conclusions, such as: The economic motivators are the most important factors that push Sultan Said to move his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar in 1832 AD, and settle there until 1840 AD. At that time, Sultan Said bin Sultan laid the necessary foundations and pillars for the advancement of the unified Arab-African Sultanate. Further, he signed several agreements with some European countries to revive trade in the Sultanate. The study has finally recommended to: pursue the interest in the history of Oman and Zanzibar, focus on Britain's relationship with Zanzibar during the reign of Sultan Saeed, and on the impact of the political differences among the sons of Sultan Saeed after his death, Majid bin Saeed and Thuwaini bin Saeed on dividing the unified Arab-African Sultanate. It has also recommended to shed more light on the industrial activity in Zanzibar during Sultan Said bin Sultan bin Ahmed bin Said Al-Busaidi’s rule.</p>
ArticlesOman, Separation, Unity, Zanzibar, Sultan bin SaeedSalwa Ibrahim Omar AliIbrahim Abdel-Sadiq Ahmed Abdel-Wahhab
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2023-03-292023-03-29486410.36231/coedw.v34i1.1649